Nettet1. feb. 2015 · The hok/sok locus is renowned for its plasmid stabilization effect via post-segregational killing of plasmid-free daughter cells. However, the function(s) of the chromosome-encoded loci, which are more abundant in pathogenic strains of a broad … Nettet1. jan. 2024 · The role of FtsZ in hok/sok induced bacterial growth changes was investigated.. Hok/sok + cells appeared bigger and elongated at lag phase of normal growth.. Cells growing under temperature stress showed evidence of increased division. • The hok/sok induced growth changes are mediated via altered FtsZ activity.. FtsZ …
Molecular Microbiology (1999) 32(5), 1090–1102 - Wiley Online …
Nettet5. jan. 1992 · The hok/sok locus of plasmid R1, which mediates plasmid stabilization by killing of plasmid-free segregants, codes for two RNAs, Hok mRNA and Sok antisense RNA. Hok mRNA encodes the Hok killer protein of 52 amino acid residues. Expression of hok is regulated post-transcriptionally by Sok antisense RNA. Killing of plasmid-free … Nettet1. jan. 2024 · The involvement of FtsZ in the hok/sok-induced growth changes may be exploited as drug target in host bacteria, which often propagate antibiotic resistance elements. Introduction. The hok/sok locus is a well characterized type I toxin/antitoxin system frequently associated with multi-drug resistance plasmids in bacteria. finding inflection points practice
Multiple hok genes on the chromosome of Escherichia coli
The hok/sok system is a postsegregational killing mechanism employed by the R1 plasmid in Escherichia coli. It was the first type I toxin-antitoxin pair to be identified through characterisation of a plasmid-stabilising locus. It is a type I system because the toxin is neutralised by a complementary RNA, rather than a … Se mer When E. coli undergoes cell division, the two daughter cells inherit the long-lived hok toxin from the parent cell. Due to the short half-life of the sok antitoxin, daughter cells inherit only small amounts and it quickly degrades. Se mer The hok gene codes for a 52 amino acid toxic protein which causes cell death by depolarization of the cell membrane. It works in a similar way to holin proteins which are produced by Se mer • par stability determinant • Addiction module • Sib RNA • SymR RNA Se mer Other plasmids hok/sok homologues denoted flmA/B (FlmA is the protein toxin and FlmB RNA the antisense regulator) are carried on the F plasmid which operate in the same way to maintain the stability of the plasmid. The F plasmid contains … Se mer Nettet22. jan. 2024 · Induction of hok causes PMF collapse and membrane rupture. Membrane-associated type I toxins of E. coli, including HokB and TisB, form membrane pores [8, 10, 19], and cause collapse of the PMF [9, 10, 17].We therefore wondered if the … Nettethock: [noun] the tarsal joint or region in the hind limb of a digitigrade quadruped (such as the horse) corresponding to the human ankle but elevated and bending backward — see horse illustration. a joint of a fowl's leg that corresponds to the hock of a quadruped. finding information about my computer